Chloramphenicol

Product Name: Chloramphenicol

Synonym: D-(−)-threo-2,2-Dichloro-N-[β-hydroxy-α-(hydroxymethyl)-β-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]acetamide; D-(−)-threo-2-Dichloroacetamido-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-propanediol; D-threo-2,2-Dichloro-N-[β-hydroxy-α-(hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenethyl]acetamide; Chloromycetin

CAS Number: 56-75-7
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅
Molecular Weight: 323.13
Beilstein Registry Number: 2225532
EC Number: 200-287-4
MDL Number: MFCD00078159
Linear Formula: Cl₂CHCONHCH(CH₂OH)CH(OH)C₆H₄NO₂
Product Type: Chemical

CAS NO: 75350-46-8GPR120 inhibitors
antibiotic activity spectrum
Gram-negative bacteria

Gram-positive bacteria

mycobacteria

mycoplasma
Assay: ≥98% (HPLC)
Form: powder
InChI Key
WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N
Mode of action
protein synthesis | interferes
mp
148-150 °C(lit.)
pKa 
5.5
Quality Level
PREMIUM
solubility
ethanol: soluble50 mg/mL
Storage temp.: room temp
Application: Chloramphenicol is a synthetic antibiotic, isolated from strains of Streptomyces venezuelae. It is often used for bacterial selection in molecular biology applications at 10-20 μg/mL and as a selection agent for transFormed cells containing chloramphenicol reistance genes.
Biochem/physiol Actions:
Mode of Action: Chloramphenicol inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by blocking the peptidyl transferase step by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing attachment of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome. It also inhibits mitochondrial and chloroplast protein synthesis and ribosomal Formation of (p)ppGpp, de-pressing rRNA transcription.

Mode of Resistance: Use of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase will acetylate the product and inactivate it.

Antimicrobial Spectrum: This is a broad spectrum antibiotic against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and is used mainly for ophthalmic and veterinary purposes.
Caution:
Stock solutions should be stored at 2-8°C and are stable at 37°C for 5 days. Aqueous solutions are neutral and stable over a wide pH range, with 50% hydrolysis occurring after 290 days. Use of a borax buffered solution reduces this number to 14%. Solutions should be protected from light as photochemical decomposition results in a yellowing of the solution. Heating aqueous solutions at 115°C for 30 minutes results in a 10% loss of chloramphenicol.
Other Notes:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Packaging:
1 kg in poly bottle
Packaging:
5, 25, 100, 500 g in poly bottle
Preparation Note: A solution at 50 mg/mL in ethanol yields a clear, very faint, yellow solution. Degradation of chloramphenicol in aqueous solution is catalyzed by general acids and bases. This rate of degradation is independent of the ionic strength and pH.
Protocols & Applications:
Antibiotic Selector for application, solubility, solution stability, working concentration, and mode of action inFormation
Symbol
GHS08
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements
H351
Precautionary statements
P280
Hazard Codes
T
Risk Statements
45
Safety Statements
53-45
RIDADR: NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS
AB6825000
Purity: ≥98% (HPLC)
mp
148-150 °C(lit.)
Storage Temp.: room temp
UNSPSC
51101500
PubMed ID:http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/68/1/50