Amongst microarray and qPCR for all validated transcripts, whereas the impact size (worth of FC) differed to some extent for the validated PRMT1 Inhibitor medchemexpress transcripts among microarray and qPCR. Statistical evaluation of qPCR data revealed that 17 (G6pd, Scd2, Elovl6, Gpam, Cd36, Me1, Fasn, Fads2, Elovl5, Car3, Dhrs7, Sult1c3, Nrep, Cyp3a18, Sds, Cdh17, Acnat2) in the validated transcripts had been regulated substantially (p 0.05), whereas two (Srebf1, Ldlr) with the transcripts have been not regulated (p 0.05). two.5. Biological Processes and Pathways Affected by the Genotype- and Ecdysterone-Regulated Transcripts in the Liver To recognize biological processes and pathways impacted by the genotype- and ecdysteroneregulated transcripts, GSEA was performed employing GO biological process terms and/or KEGG pathways, respectively. With regard to genotype impact, GSEA with the transcripts upregulated in group OC vs. LC revealed that quite a few of the most enriched biological method terms have been N-type calcium channel Inhibitor Species associated to lipid synthesis, like unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic course of action, cholesterol biosynthetic procedure, fatty acid biosynthetic procedure, steroid metabolic approach, and lipid metabolic method (Figure 3a). One of the most enriched KEGG pathways assigned towards the transcripts upregulated in group OC vs. LC predominantly comprised lipid metabolic pathways, for example fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid elongation, fatty acid degradation, and PPAR signalling pathway (Figure 3b).Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22,7 ofFigure 3. Enriched gene ontology (GO) biological method terms (a) and KEGG pathways (b) assigned for the genes upregulated inside the liver of group OC (obese rats fed without ecdysterone) vs. LC (lean rats fed without the need of ecdysterone). GO terms and KEGG pathways are sorted by their enrichment p-values (EASE score) (best: lowest p-value, bottom: highest p-value). Only GO terms and KEGG pathways with p-values 0.001 and p-values 0.01, respectively are shown. The amount of genes is shown next to the bars.The most enriched biological procedure terms assigned towards the transcripts downregulated in group OC vs. LC incorporated heterogeneous terms, like oxidation-reduction process, bile acid metabolic procedure, cellular response to insulin stimulus, liver improvement, activation of phospholipase C activity, and drug metabolic approach (Figure 4a). The most enriched KEGG pathways assigned to these downregulated transcripts comprised amongst others metabolic pathways, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, retinol metabolism, drug metabolism–cytochrome P450, linoleic acid metabolism, and AMPK signalling pathway (Figure 4b).Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22,eight ofFigure 4. Enriched gene ontology (GO) biological procedure terms (a) and KEGG pathways (b) assigned towards the genes downregulated in the liver of group OC (obese rats fed without the need of ecdysterone) vs. LC (lean rats fed without ecdysterone). GO terms and KEGG pathways are sorted by their enrichment p-values (EASE score) (top: lowest p-value, bottom: highest p-value). Only GO terms and KEGG pathways with p-values 0.001 and p-values 0.01, respectively are shown. The number of genes is shown next towards the bars.Relating to the ecdysterone impact within the lean groups, GSEA with the transcripts upregulated in group LE vs. LC revealed only two enriched (p 0.05) biological approach terms, namely, membrane depolarisation through action potential and sodium ion transport (Figure 5a), and only one enriched (p 0.05) KEGG pa.