14 16 32 19.48 6.59 20 16 13 18 31 26 9 19 7.53 Ir 11 17 15 14 16 11 ten 7 13 17 11 six 10 10 13 13 14 17 11 22 18 11 14 14 14 13.16 three.56 53 38 31 29 38 31 60 40 11.97 Gr 8 7 9 10 6 eight 9 6 9 six ten five 9 11 15 10 14 15 12 19 15 9 12 six 15 ten.2 three.63 143 57 68 48 93 39 82 75.71 35.Insects 2021, 12, 12, x FOR PEER Fas custom synthesis Critique Insects 2021,1213 18 19 of ofFigure three. Comparisons of thethe numbers genes identified as (a) (a) odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and odorant receptors Figure three. Comparisons of numbers of of genes identified as odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and odorant receptors (Ors) and (b)(b) chemosensory proteins (CSPs), ionotropic receptors (Irs), and gustatory receptors (Grs). The numbers of of (Ors) and as as chemosensory proteins (CSPs), ionotropic receptors (Irs), and gustatory receptors (Grs). The numbers genes in OBP and CSP families in fig wasps were related to in other insects, though the numbers of genes genes in Or, genes in OBP and CSP families in fig wasps have been similar to thosethose in other insects, when the numbers of in Or, Ir, and Ir, Gr and Gr gene families had been drastically reduced in fig wasps. gene families had been substantially reduced in fig wasps.3.six. Swiftly Evolving Genes (REGs) 3.6. Rapidly Evolving Genes (REGs) In Within the loved ones Agaonidae, we detected 857 rapidly evolving genes (REGs) (Table 2; the family Agaonidae, we detected 857 swiftly evolving genes (REGs) (Table 2; Figure S1b). Of those REGs, 484 and 4545 were enriched in GO and KEGG, respectively; Figure S1b). Of those REGs, 484 and have been enriched in GO and KEGG, respectively; their gene functions were associated mainly to to signal transduction, immune response, and their gene functions have been connected mostly signal transduction, immune response, and antibacterial systems (Table two; Supplementary Components, Excels S5 and S6). For thethe Eu/Pl, antibacterial systems (Table two; Supplementary Supplies, Excels S5 and S6). For Eu/Pl, Ceratosolen, Valisia, and Blastophaga genus clade, we detected greater numbers REGs, from Ceratosolen, Valisia, and Blastophaga genus clade, we detected higher numbers REGs, from 2073 to to 2572 (2262.eight 222.5), than the numbers of of positively chosen genes, which ranged 2073 2572 (2262.eight 222.five), than the numbers positively chosen genes, which ranged from 1010 to 85 (62.8 35.four).Low numbers of REGs were enriched in GO inside the clades of from to 85 (62.eight 35.four). Low numbers of REGs were enriched in GO inside the clades of Valisia (17), Eu/PL (14), Blastophaga (1), and Ceratosolen (four) (Supplementary Components, Valisia (17), Eu/PL (14), Blastophaga (1), and Ceratosolen (4) (Supplementary Components, Excel S5) though nono REGs had been enriched in KEGG. There were 13 REGs enriched in GO Excel S5) though REGs were enriched in KEGG. There had been 13 REGs enriched in GO that have been shared among Valisia and Eu/Pl, and these mostly associated to ALK5 Compound mitochondrial that had been shared between Valisia and Eu/Pl, and these mostly connected to mitochondrial function. The REGs enriched in in GO in Blastophaga have been related for the vesicle-tethering function. The REGs enriched GO in Blastophaga had been connected to the vesicle-tethering complex, although 4 on the Ceratosolen REGs encoded antibacterial peptides (Supplementary complicated, whilst four on the Ceratosolen REGs encoded antibacterial peptides (SuppleMaterials, Excel S5). mentary Components, Excel S5). The numbers of REGs had been lowest (804162) among the five connected V. javana species The numbers of REGs were lowest (804162) amongst the 5 rela