Of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, Hokkaido 090507, Japan S. Kanda : T. Nishiyama Division of Public Well being, Kansai Healthcare University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570506, JapanJ Meals Sci Technol (March pril 2013) 50(2):266diet (Zhang and Beynen 1993; Wergedahl et al. 2004; Shukla et al. 2006; Hosomi et al. 2009). Our prior study showed that dietary fish protein ready from Alaska pollock fillet decreased the serum cholesterol concentration in rats (Hosomi et al. 2009). There have been, nevertheless, few reports around the combined impact of fish protein as well as other compounds. Fish oil is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Fish oil has attracted widespread consideration as a functional oil, and it has been suggested that dietary fish oil decreases serum triacylglycerol by stimulating lipid oxidation (Berge et al. 1999) and inhibiting lipogenesis within the liver (Gr n et al. 1992). It has also been demonstrated that fish oil has effective antiinflammatory (Simopoulos 2002) and anti-cancer properties (Minoura et al. 1988). Furthermore, fish oil has been reported to exhibit a synergistic effect with sesamin on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in rats (Ide et al. 2004) and attenuates fatty liver induced by conjugated linoleic acid in mice (Yanagita et al. 2005). Thus, the dietary mixture of fish protein with fish oil may possibly be a lot more successful within the prevention and improvement of hyperlipidemia and CHD than fish protein alone. In this study, we investigated the effects of fish protein diets in mixture with fish oil on lipid metabolism in the blood plus the liver of rats. Moreover, we investigated whether or not the effects of fish protein and fish oil on lipid metabolism in rats could exhibit additive or synergistic effects by combining these two elements in their diets.and followed the “Guide for the Care and Use of Experimental Animals” of the Prime Minister’s Workplace of Japan. Five-week-old male Wistar rats obtained from Shimizu Laboratory Supplies Co., Ltd (Kyoto, Japan) had been housed in plastic cages in an air-conditioned space (temperature, 212 ; humidity, 555 ; lights on, 08:000:00 h).JAK2-IN-6 Autophagy Following acclimation for 5 d by feeding a diet plan ready according to the recommendation of the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN-93G) (Reeves et al.Acetoacetic acid medchemexpress 1993), the rats had been divided into four groups of seven rats every single and given free access to drinking water and fed the experimental diets.PMID:23460641 As shown in Table 1, to distinguish involving the separate effects of fish protein and fish oil and any combined effect, we fed groups of rats on 10 fish protein (FP diet regime), 2 fish oil (FO diet program), or perhaps a mixture of 10 fish protein and two fish oil (FPO diet plan). Table 2 shows the amino acid composition of casein and fish protein analyzed by a commercial service (Japan Food Investigation Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan). Right after comparing the amino acid composition of casein and fish protein, it was located that in fish protein, the levels of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, and lysine were higher, though the amount of proline was low. Even so, the levels of branched-chain amino acids, like valine, leucine, and isoleucine, have been almost identical, plus the polarity of amino acids did not reveal any significant differences. Table 3 shows that the fatty acid compositions of soybean oil and fish oil were analyzed with a fused silica capillary column (Omegawax 250, Supelco Co., Ltd.,.